INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

Alaska is known for many things: the biggest state, the most extreme weather, the tallest mountain in North America, the most diverse neighborhood, the beautiful Alaska Native cultures indigenous to the land. Unfortunately Alaska is also known for some of the highest rates of domestic violence (DV) and sexual violence (SV) in the nation. The rate of rape in Alaska is three times the national average. This is even more pronounced for American Indian and Alaska Native women; four in five have experienced violence in their lifetime. Often referred to as an “epidemic,” violence in our state is prevalent and persistent but also preventable.

Violence affects us all. Beyond the actual incidents of violence, there are longer term, potentially damaging effects that often go unrecognized. Experiencing or being exposed to domestic and sexual violence can lead to a range of effects including developmental delays, child abuse, substance abuse, self-harm and psychological problems, lower productivity at work, poor physical health, and increased health care costs.

For over a decade, the Pathways for Prevention Statewide Leadership Team has worked to coordinate strategic approaches to primary prevention in Alaska. Made up of twenty different individuals and organizations, this group uses the best available research and community practices to plan, implement and evaluate violence prevention efforts across the state. In this document you will find a description of our prevention approach, challenges and strengths in violence prevention and our statewide plan to address domestic and sexual violence in the state.

For over a decade, the Pathways for Prevention Statewide Leadership Team has worked to coordinate strategic approaches to primary prevention in Alaska.

A Framework for Prevention: the Social Ecological Model

A Framework for Prevention: the Social Ecological Model

INDIVIDUAL

The first level of the model identifies biological and personal history factors that increase the likelihood of becoming a victim or perpetrator of violence.

RELATIONSHIP

The second level focuses on close relationships and explores how relationships increase the risk of being a victim or perpetrator of violence.

COMMUNITY

The third level explores the settings in which social relationships take place, and identifies the characteristics of those settings associated with becoming victims or perpetrators of violence.

SOCIETY

The fourth level looks at the broad societal factors that help create a climate in which violence is encouraged or inhibited.

A Comprehensive Approach to Prevention

A Comprehensive Approach to Prevention

Preventing violence requires us to work together across all parts of our society. To change the behavior of individuals, we need to look at the relationships, families, organizations, communities, and the larger society in which these individuals live. We need to work across all settings of a person’s life, or their social ecology, to prevent violence. Pathways uses the Social Ecological Model—explained on the facing page—to strategically plan and coordinate violence prevention efforts. By doing so, we take a comprehensive approach to violence prevention and increase the likelihood of creating positive, meaningful and sustainable change.